INDEX

A

Absorption, 386–387

Abyssal hills, 14

Accelerometer, 330, 351

Accuracy assessment, 239

Acoustic communication model, 100, 110

Acoustic communication, 127–128

Acoustic current meters, 328–329, 348

Acoustic Doppler current meter profiler, 349

Acoustic Doppler current profiler, 116–117, 348–349

Acoustic tomography, 111–112, 115

Acoustic wave, 126–127

Active remote sensing, 49, 69

Adaptive channel equalization, 145–146

Adaptive sampling, 198

ADCP, 116–117, 329, 349–350

Address, 206

Aerial photography, 3–4, 215

Aerial videography, 215

Agriculture, 5

Air cleaner, 279

Air inlet temperature sensor, 279

Air to air after cooler, 279

Airgun, 120

Air-sea interaction meteorology, 360–362

AIS work, 289, 308, 309–310

Alkalinity, 359–360

ALOHA, 187

Along track scanning radiometer, 22

Altimeter, 26–27

Antarctica, 156

Apparent optical properties, 379

Arch, 9

Argo float, 340, 341

Array of attenuator, 258

Ascending pass, 52

ASIMET, 360–362

Atlantic Ocean, 410

Atmospheric correction problem, 392–394

Attenuator, 258

Automatic identification system, 295, 308

Autonomous undersea vehicles, 100, 190

Autonomous underwater vehicle networks, 127

Autopilot, 297–299

AUV control using sound, 101

AUVs, 198, 375

B

Backscattering, 388–390

Bacteria, 384

Base station, 168

Beach, 11

BEAM, 244

Bermuda triangle, 405–406

Bioluminescence, 331–332

BIOMAPER, 362–364

Black body radiation, 224–225

Blue tooth, 176

Brightness temperature, 21

Bubbler gauge, 304–305

Bubbles study, 105–106

Bubbles, 384

Buoy, 36

C

Capacitive level sensor, 306

Card, 327

CARTOSAT, 419

Case 1 water, 379–380

Case 2 water, 380

Cave, 9

CDMA, 140, 187

CDOM, 383–384

Charge coupled device, 3

Chart datum, 291

Chart plotter, 287

Chlorine evolution mechanism, 177

Cliff, 11

Climatologist, 113

Closed cycle OTEC, 252

Cluster analysis, 238

Cluster topology, 175

Coastal features, 9, 10

Coastal monitoring, 7–8

Colored dissolved organic matter, 383

Combustible gas indicators, 315–316

Communication coverage, 197

Composite generation, 231

Concentrating solar power technology, 271

Confusion matrix, 239

Contrast stretch, 230

Coolant temperature sensor, 279

Copper corrosion mechanism, 177

Corers, 331, 375

CSMA/CA, 187

CTD, 324, 344

Current meter, 346–351

Current, 11, 155

Currents, 327–330

D

DACAP, 187

DART, 103

Data logger, 324

Data volume, 220–222

Dead Sea, 399

Deep ocean tsunami detection buoy, 373–374

Delay, 136

Deployments, 182

Depth instrument, 296

Depth sounders, 286

Desalination, 409

Descending pass, 52

Detritus, 385

Digital Elevation Models, 7

Digital filtering, 232

Digital image processing, 228

Digital resolution, 57

Direct sequence spread spectrum, 145–146

Disaster, 14

Discrete return LIDAR, 39–42

Dish engine system, 272–273

Diver fish finder, 110

Divers, 331

Doppler Effect, 116

Dredges, 331

Drift bottle, 327

Drifters, 339–341

Drifting buoys, 329–330

DSSS, 145–146

Dune, 11

E

Earth history, 97

Earth layers, 121

Echo signatures, 109–110

Echo sounder, 294–295, 322

Echo sounding, 29, 120

Echolocation, 33–34

Elastic scattering, 381

Electrical propulsion, 310–314

Electromagnetic current meters, 328, 348

Electromagnetic spectrum, 206–208

Electromagnetic wave, 125

Electronic control module, 277

Electronic control system, 278

Electronic governor, 282

ELF, 158

E-mail, 151, 152

Energy consumption, 166

Energy harvesting device, 179

Energy storage device, 179

Engine governor, 280

Engine monitoring tachometers, 286

Engine, 279

Erosion, 11

Error rate, 137

Estuary, 11

Exhaust gas temperature, 279

Expendable bathythermograph, 323

Expendable sound velocity, 327

Explosimeters, 315

Eyes, 1

F

FDMA, 186

Ferry box, 354

Fiber optic cable, 134

Fiber optics, 397–398

Fire detector, 302

Firefighting equipment, 302

Floating structure, 267

Floats, 339–341

Flooding, 14

Fluorescence, 382–383

Forestry, 5–6

Forward problem, 390–391

Fouling, 177

Frequency shift keying, 144–145

FSK, 145

Fuel injector, 279

G

Gas detection meters, 315–317

Georeferencing, 229

GEO, 152

Geographical information system, 243

Geology, 6

Geometric correction, 233

Geometric restoration, 230

Geostationary orbit, 51

Geosynchronous satellites, 300

GIS, 3, 228

Gliders, 182

Global climate change, 113–115

Global internet access, 152

Global positioning system, 149–150

Globalstar, 154

GPRS, 176

GPS compass, 297

GPS speedometer, 286

GPS Stray line buoys, 294

GPS, 35, 149–150

Grabs, 330

GRASS, 246

Gravimeters, 1

Gravity corer, 365–367

Grey level transformation, 235

GSM, 176

H

Hard classifiers, 236

Headland, 11

Heat flux, 361

HF Radar, 356–357

High pressure fuel pump, 279

High resolution, 217

Highest tides, 410

Histograms, 233–234

Hurricanes, 14

Hydraulically damped gravity corer, 366–367

Hydrology, 6

Hydrophone, 99, 326

Hyper spectral image, 213–214

Hyper spectral remote sensing, 214

Hyperspectral classifiers, 237

I

IDRISI, 246

IKONOS, 247

ILWIS, 246

Image classification, 236

Image enhancement, 230

Image restoration, 228

Image transformation, 241–243

Image, 205

Imaging radiometer, 23

Indian Ocean, 399

Indian remote sensing, 417

Infrared radiometers, 22–23

Infrared remote sensing, 223–225

Infrared touch screen, 290

Inherent optical properties, 385–390

Inmarsat satellites, 152

Inorganic salt, 409

Instantaneous field of view, 55, 207–208

Integrated sailboat, 296–297

Intensity value, 206

Intensity, 206

Internet to ships, 148–161

Inverse problem, 391–392

Inverted echo sounders, 112–113

Iridium satellite, 153

IRS, 223, 415

Isobaths, 292

L

Lagoon, 11

Land, 6

Landmarks, 292

Landsat software, 247

LANDSAT, 222

Laser altimeter, 43

Laser communication, 136–138

LASER, 37, 134

Leadlines, 330

LEO, 153–154, 299–300

LIDAR, 37–39

Lighthouse, 292

Line of sight, 174

Linear grey level stretching, 235

Linear stretch, 231

Localization, 201

Location address, 205–206

Longest mountain, 404

Look angle, 17

Low resolution, 217

M

MAC protocol, 199–200

Magnetic variation, 292

Magnetometers, 1, 367

Map, 2, 6

Marine generator, 277

Marine instruments, 286–292

Marine magnetometer, 367–369

Marine navigation system, 318

Marine observation sensors, 62–64

Marine radios, 288

Mechanical current meters, 346–347

Medium access control, 186–188

MEMS, 138–139

Mesh nets, 332

Mesh topology, 174

Micro sensors, 65–66

Microwave level sensor, 305

Microwave radiometer, 21–22, 84, 225

Microwave remote sensing, 225–228

Microwave sensors, 21

Mobile, 182

Modulation, 185

Momentum flux, 361

Moored current meter, 327

Moored profiler, 335–337

Mooring, 36, 333–335

MOS, 62–64

Multi beam sonar, 34

Multi hop routing, 200

Multibeam bathymetry, 30

Multicarrier modulation, 146–147

Multi-gas analyzer, 316–317

Multi-layer image, 208–209

Multi-spectral image, 212–213

Multispectral remote sensing, 212–213

N

NADIR radar, 17–20

Nautical chart, 291–292

Navigation instruments, 293

Navigation, 306

Near polar orbit, 52

Nephelometer, 325

Network density, 166

Network layer, 189

Network mobility, 166

Network simulator, 192

Network topology, 175

Nitrate, 324–325

Noncombustible gas indicator, 316

Nucleic acid biosensor, 359

O

OBS, 369

Ocean bottom monitoring, 195

Ocean bottom seismometers, 121, 369–371

Ocean circulation, 11

Ocean color monitor, 419–422

Ocean color radiometry, 71

Ocean color sensor, 69–71

Ocean color, 67–68, 243–246

Ocean column monitoring, 195

Ocean current energy, 263

Ocean energy, 251–253

Ocean floor, 91, 93

Ocean subduction zone, 122

Ocean temperature, 12, 111–115

Ocean thermal energy conversion, 261

Ocean thermal energy, 253

Ocean turbines, 261–263

Ocean wave energy technologies, 257–259

Ocean wave energy, 254

Ocean weather, 12

Oceanic crust, 14

Oceanographic sensor node, 171

Oceanographic WSN, 167–174

Oceanography, 14–15

OCEANSAT, 419

OCM, 419–422

ODESA, 243

OFDM, 146–147

Offshore solar energy, 270–274

Offshore wind energy, 264

Oil, 408

Open cycle system, 253

Optical communication, 128–129

Optical submarine cable repeater, 155–156

Optical wave, 128

Orbit, 428–431

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, 146

OSCAT digital signal processor, 436

OTEC, 261

Overtopping device, 259

Oxygen analyzer, 315

Oxygen, 324–325

P

Passive microwave radiometers, 24

Passive microwave SST, 87–88

Passive remote sensing, 49–50

Perfectly secure communication, 156–161

pH, 324–325

Phase shift keying, 145–146

Phosphate, 324–325

Photomultiplier tubes, 139

Physical layer, 184–186

Phytoplankton, 359

Pixel size, 55–56, 218–219

Pixel, 205

Point absorber, 258–259

Polar, 12

Power management system, 179

Power tower system, 272

Pre processing, 228–230

Pressure based level measurement, 304

Primary color, 210

Principal component analysis, 242–243

Propagation velocity, 126–127

Propeller type meters, 346

Protected reversing thermometer, 322

Protocol stack, 134–136

Pushbroom scanner, 54, 222

Q

QAM, 147

QPSK, 147

R

Radar altimeter, 225–226

Radar Doppler current profiler, 355–357

RADAR, 15–16

RADARSAT, 247

Radiometer, 21

Radiometric correction, 228

Radiometric resolution, 57–59, 220–223

Radiometric restoration, 229

RAFOS, 117

Raman scattering, 381

RDCP, 355–357

Reciprocal transmission, 117–118

Reefs, 407–408

Remote sensing, 1

Remote sensor, 353

Renewable source of energy, 251–253

Reporting, 295

Research vessels, 333

RESOURCESAT, 416

Retro reflector, 142

Return fuel cooler, 279

Reversing thermometers, 342–343

Ridges, 34

River, 11

Robot, 103

Robustness, 174

Rock chipper, 375

Rocky islet, 9–10

ROSA, 423

Routing, 189, 295

ROVs, 180

RS 232, 137

S

Salinity, 111, 324

Salinometer, 324

Sand island, 9

SAR, 16, 62, 226–227

Satellite images, 2, 245

Satellite nosecone, 150

Satellite orbit, 300

Satellite phone, 300

Satellite, 167, 337

Scanning scatterometer, 423–424

SCAT, 423–424

Scatterometer, 24

Scintillation counters, 1

Scoops, 330

Sea floor, 79

Sea ice, 6, 13–14

Sea surface temperature, 12, 83–90, 225

Sea water pressure sensor, 278

Seabed qualities, 292

Seabed sampling, 330–331

SeaDAS, 244

Seamounts, 14

Seanet, 148–149

SEASOR, 324

Secchi disc, 325

Sediment monitoring, 76–79

Sediment, 8, 77

Seismic exploration, 375

Seismic reflection, 120–121

Seismic refraction, 120

Seismicity, 15

Seismographs, 1

Self configuration, 199

Semi submersible offshore wind turbine, 267

Semi submersible, 267

Semi-mobile, 182

Sensing coverage, 197

Sensor nodes, 169

Sensors, 172

Shear probes, 353–354

Ship Bridge, 306–308

Ship speed, 307

Shipboard level sensors, 302–306

Shipek grab, 331

Shore based terminator, 257

Side scan sonar, 32–33

Signal to noise ratio, 58–59

Silicate, 324–325

Single beam echosounding, 29

Single carrier phase coherent modulation, 145–146

Skerry, 11

SLAR, 16

Smartphone, 151

Smart receiver, 143

Smart transmitter, 142

Snappers, 330

SOFAR, 115, 322

Soft classifiers, 237

Software for ocean color, 243–246

Software ocean color algorithms, 246

Soil line, 241

Solar photonic technology, 273

SONAR, 4–5, 28, 103–104, 322

Sonobuoy, 326

Sound speed, 98, 326–327

Sound wave, 98

Spacecraft, 416

Spatial resolution, 55–56, 217–219

Spectral bandwidth, 58

Spectral range, 58

Spectral resolution, 60

Spectral response pattern, 209–211

Spectral sampling, 58

Spectrometers, 396–398

Spectrophotometer, 398–399

Speed instrument, 296

Spit, 11

SPOT, 207, 223

SPRING, 246

SSB radio, 151–152

Stack, 9

Star topology, 174

Static, 182

Stem thermometer, 322

Streamer, 120

Submarine cable map, 157

Submarine communication cable, 155

Submersible incubation device, 371–372

Submersibles, 337–338

Super spectral image, 213

Supervised classification, 236

Surf zone, 118–119

Surface current, 80–81

Surface moorings, 333

Surface wind, 81–82

Swath, 64

Swim bladders, 107, 109

Synthetic aperture radar sensors, 62

T

Tank level, 303

TDMA, 186–187

Telemetry, 35–37

Temperature, 111

Tension leg platform, 269

Terminator, 257–258

Terrestrial WSN, 166

TFDE electrical propulsion vessel, 311–314

Thematic map, 238

Thermal infrared SST, 86–87

Thermistor, 323

Thermosalinograph, 345

Three dimensional networks for AUVs, 195

Three dimensional UW-ASNs, 195

Tidal barrages working, 260

Tidal energy, 260

Tidal information, 292

Tidal power, 260

Tide gauge, 332

Tide gauges, 351–353

Time synchronization, 189–190

Titanic, 180

Tombolo, 11

Topography, 15, 43

Towed ocean bottom instrument, 374–375

Towed vehicles, 338–339

Tracking ship, 308–309

Training areas, 236

Transceivers, 195

Transducer, 98–99

Transmissometer, 325

Transmitting power, 270

Transport layer, 189

Tree topology, 175

Trenches, 14

Trough system, 271–272

Tsunamis, 102–103

Turbocharger, 279

Two dimensional UW-ASNs, 195

U

U type moorings, 335

Ultrasonic level sensor, 305

Ultrasound signal, 110

Underwater acoustic communication, 130–131

Underwater acoustic networks, 127, 193

Underwater acoustic sensor network architecture, 195

Underwater acoustic sensor networks, 136, 199–201

Underwater acoustics, 98–99

Underwater cables, 157

Underwater communication channel, 184

Underwater laser sensor architecture, 134–138

Underwater laser sensor network, 134–136

Underwater mobile communication, 139–144

Underwater nodes, 357–358

Underwater optical communication, 131–134

Unprotected reversing thermometer, 323

Unsupervised classification, 238–239

Upper Ocean, 103–106

Upwelling, 90

UW-ASN, 192

V

Vegetation indices, 241

Vessel traffic system, 295

Visible Spectrophotometer, 398–399

VLF, 158–159

Voice communication, 154

Volcanism, 15

VTS, 295

W

WASI, 244

Water clarity, 325

Water column terminator, 257

Water depth, 106

Water flux, 361

Water resistance, 174

Water sampling bottle, 322

Wave direction, 13

Wave energy, 127, 254–259

Wave height, 13, 82–83, 104

Wave measurement, 351

Wave power, 91

Wave rider buoy, 351

Wave velocities, 104–105

Waveform recording LIDAR, 39–42

Wax corer, 375

Weather monitoring station, 295

Weather satellite, 60–62

Whiskbroom scanner, 53

Wi-Fi, 151, 176

Wimax, 176

Wind instrument, 296

Wind scatterometer, 226

Wind turbine, 267–268

Wiper mechanism, 177

Wireless control stations, 289–290

Wireless sensor network, 165–166

Wireless underwater sensor network, 180–184

WSN architecture, 169–170

X

X band Radar, 356

XBT, 323

XSV, 327

Z

Zigbee, 175

Zooplankton recorder, 358–360